Cognitive Therapy is a psychotherapy system that has shown great success in the treatment of the most varied disorders and clinical pathologies.; Cognitive therapy is based on the hypothesis of "cognitive vulnerability".

The basic assumption of a subject's interpretation of a given situation, and that this interpretation will define the subject's emotional and behavioral response. Our interpretations are determined by our schemes and beliefs, functional or dysfunctional.

These beliefs when activated generate automatic thoughts (positive or negative), which ultimately interfere with our behavior.

Characteristics that distinguish it from other forms of psychotherapy are the short and limited time (weekly sessions of more or less 50 minutes for approximately 6 months, which can be extended according to the need and pace of each patient) and the effectiveness proven through empirical studies in various areas of emotional disorders such as depression, anxiety disorders (phobias, panic, hypochondria, obsessive-compulsive disorder), chemical dependency, eating disorders, interpersonal problems, including family and couple therapy, etc., for adults, children, and adolescents, in individual and group modalities.

Its use in the treatment of psychosis has encouraging results. Cognitive Therapy is still indicated as an adjunct in the treatment of organic disorders, and in interventions in the areas of education, organizations, and sports.

General assumptions about which cognitive therapy is based on including the following:

• Perception and experience, in general, are active processes that involve introspection inspection data.
• The patient's cognitions represent a synthesis of his internal and external stimuli.
• How a person evaluates a situation is usually evident in his cognitions.
• These cognitions constitute the person's "flow of consciousness" or phenomenal field, which reflects the person's configuration of himself, his world, his past, and his future.
• Changes in the content of the person's underlying cognitive structures affect his affective state and behavioral pattern.
• Through psychological therapy, a patient can become aware of his cognitive distortions.
• The correction of these flawed dysfunctional constructs can lead to clinical improvement.